Norfolk Southern (NSC) Stock Analysis
This is a peer-relative look at Norfolk Southern (NSC): its performance, risk, profitability, growth, financial strength, dividend, and valuation are each measured against its Transportation peers, so every number reads in context rather than in isolation.
Company Profile
| Profile Item | NSC |
|---|---|
| Name | Norfolk Southern Corporation |
| Country/Region | United States |
| GICS Sector | Industrials |
| GICS Industry Group | Transportation |
| GICS Industry | Ground Transportation |
| GICS Sub-Industry | Rail Transportation |
| Market Capitalization | 75.10 billion USD |
| Currency | USD |
| Exchange | NYSE |
| Listing Date | June 2, 1982 |
| Security Type | Common Stock |
Price Performance
Cumulative Growth
Trailing Returns
Calendar-Year Returns
Performance Metrics
| Metric | Current stock: NSC | Industry group median |
|---|---|---|
| Total Return (1Y) | 21.32% | 39.74% |
| Total Return (3Y, Annualized) | 16.68% | 8.29% |
| Total Return (5Y, Annualized) | 7.72% | 8.88% |
Risk Profile
Drawdown History
Return Distribution
Risk Metrics
| Metric | Current stock: NSC | Industry group median |
|---|---|---|
| Volatility (1Y, Annualized) | 20.45% | 40.60% |
| Beta (5Y) | 1.27 | 1.16 |
| Max Drawdown (5Y) | -35.64% | -52.55% |
Risk-Adjusted Performance
Risk-Return Positioning
Risk-Adjusted Metrics
| Metric | Current stock: NSC | Industry group median |
|---|---|---|
| Sharpe Ratio (1Y) | 0.84 | 0.89 |
| Sortino Ratio (1Y) | 1.33 | 1.39 |
Profitability
ROE (TTM)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) posts ROE of 16.99%, roughly around the peer group’s normal range. Shareholders’ equity is producing a return that looks broadly typical for the industry.
NSC
Transportation industry group
16.99%
Group distribution
- Max
- 42.67%
- Q3
- 21.80%
- NSC
- 16.99%
- Median
- 11.68%
- Q1
- 3.11%
- Min
- -15.07%
Largest peers
- UNP
- 39.70%
- UBER
- 37.16%
- UPS
- 29.60%
- CSX
- 24.36%
- CNI
- 22.02%
- NSC
- 16.99%
- CP
- 8.15%
Net Margin (TTM)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) keeps 21.02% of revenue as net profit, putting net margin in the upper peer quartile. After operating costs, interest, and taxes, more of each sales dollar reaches shareholders than it does at most industry peers.
NSC
Transportation industry group
21.02%
Group distribution
- Max
- 50.36%
- NSC
- 21.02%
- Q3
- 20.85%
- Median
- 5.56%
- Q1
- 0.93%
- Min
- -11.37%
Largest peers
- UNP
- 28.85%
- CNI
- 26.92%
- CP
- 25.03%
- CSX
- 22.21%
- NSC
- 21.02%
- UBER
- 17.35%
- UPS
- 5.08%
Operating Margin (TTM)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) turns 35.30% of revenue into operating profit, putting operating margin in the upper peer quartile. Before financing and taxes enter the picture, the day-to-day business keeps more of each sales dollar than most industry peers.
NSC
Transportation industry group
35.30%
Group distribution
- Max
- 53.49%
- NSC
- 35.30%
- Q3
- 23.53%
- Median
- 9.30%
- Q1
- 3.10%
- Min
- -11.50%
Largest peers
- UNP
- 40.98%
- CNI
- 40.27%
- CP
- 38.98%
- CSX
- 38.42%
- NSC
- 35.30%
- UBER
- 13.32%
- UPS
- 4.36%
Profitability Metrics
| Metric | Current stock: NSC | Industry group median |
|---|---|---|
| ROE (TTM) | 16.99% | 11.68% |
| ROA (TTM) | 5.95% | 4.23% |
| Net Margin (TTM) | 21.02% | 5.56% |
| Operating Margin (TTM) | 35.30% | 9.30% |
| Gross Margin (TTM) | 45.16% | 27.93% |
Growth
Revenue Growth
Norfolk Southern (NSC) grew revenue 0.47%, roughly around the peer group's normal range. Top-line momentum looks broadly typical for the industry.
EPS Growth
Norfolk Southern (NSC) grew earnings per share 10.20%, roughly around the peer group's normal range. Bottom-line momentum looks broadly typical for the industry.
Growth Metrics
| Metric | Current stock: NSC | Industry group median |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue Growth (YoY) | 0.47% | 2.79% |
| Revenue Growth (3Y CAGR) | -1.50% | 1.64% |
| EPS Growth (YoY) | 10.20% | -2.81% |
| EPS Growth (3Y CAGR) | -2.79% | -8.96% |
Financial Strength
Current Ratio (MRQ)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) has current ratio of 0.83, in the healthier middle range for its industry. The short-term asset cushion looks balanced relative to peers rather than stretched thin.
NSC
Transportation industry group
0.83
Group distribution
- Max
- 2.97
- Q3
- 1.69
- Median
- 1.19
- NSC
- 0.83
- Q1
- 0.79
- Min
- 0.28
Largest peers
- UPS
- 1.18
- UNP
- 0.99
- CNI
- 0.87
- UBER
- 0.84
- NSC
- 0.83
- CSX
- 0.82
- CP
- 0.59
Debt / Equity (MRQ)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) has debt-to-equity ratio of 1.06, roughly in line with the peer group’s normal leverage range. Its mix of debt and equity looks typical for the industry.
NSC
Transportation industry group
1.06
Group distribution
- Max
- 2.94
- Q3
- 1.39
- NSC
- 1.06
- Median
- 0.80
- Q1
- 0.36
- Min
- 0.00
Largest peers
- UPS
- 1.90
- UNP
- 1.51
- CSX
- 1.38
- NSC
- 1.06
- CNI
- 1.04
- CP
- 0.53
- UBER
- 0.52
Financial Strength Metrics
| Metric | Current stock: NSC | Industry group median |
|---|---|---|
| Current Ratio (MRQ) | 0.83 | 1.19 |
| Debt / Equity (MRQ) | 1.06 | 0.80 |
| Net Debt / EBITDA | 2.84 | 2.26 |
Dividends
Dividend Yield (TTM)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) has dividend yield of 1.58%, in the industry’s normal income range. It provides a meaningful dividend without the red flag of an unusually high headline yield.
NSC
Transportation industry group
1.58%
Group distribution
- Max
- 3.84%
- Q3
- 1.74%
- NSC
- 1.58%
- Median
- 0.67%
- Q1
- 0.00%
- Min
- 0.00%
Largest peers
- UPS
- 6.36%
- CNI
- 2.85%
- UNP
- 1.87%
- NSC
- 1.58%
- CSX
- 1.07%
- CP
- 1.05%
- UBER
- 0.00%
Dividend Payout Ratio (TTM)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) has payout ratio of 46.08%, above the industry’s usual payout band. A larger share of earnings is going to dividends, so the cushion narrows if profit weakens.
NSC
Transportation industry group
46.08%
Group distribution
- Max
- 85.28%
- NSC
- 46.08%
- Q3
- 43.41%
- Median
- 21.92%
- Q1
- 0.00%
- Min
- 0.00%
Largest peers
- UPS
- 121.93%
- CNI
- 46.28%
- NSC
- 46.08%
- UNP
- 44.70%
- CSX
- 31.40%
- CP
- 22.14%
- UBER
- 0.00%
Dividend Metrics
| Metric | Current stock: NSC | Industry group median |
|---|---|---|
| Dividend Yield (TTM) | 1.58% | 0.67% |
| Dividend Payout Ratio (TTM) | 46.08% | 21.92% |
Valuation
P/E Ratio (TTM)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) trades at P/E ratio of 29.23, near the industry’s usual earnings multiple. The stock is not showing a clear peer discount or premium on trailing earnings.
NSC
Transportation industry group
29.23
Group distribution
- Max
- 57.88
- Q3
- 33.39
- NSC
- 29.23
- Median
- 21.05
- Q1
- 13.76
- Min
- 2.18
Largest peers
- CSX
- 29.57
- CP
- 29.46
- NSC
- 29.23
- UNP
- 23.93
- CNI
- 22.81
- UPS
- 19.42
- UBER
- 15.47
P/S Ratio (TTM)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) trades at 5.99 on P/S ratio, above the industry benchmark range. The stock is being valued at an unusually rich price per dollar of trailing revenue.
NSC
Transportation industry group
5.99
Group distribution
- NSC
- 5.99
- Max
- 4.31
- Q3
- 2.40
- Median
- 1.26
- Q1
- 0.67
- Min
- 0.07
Largest peers
- UNP
- 6.85
- CSX
- 6.42
- NSC
- 5.99
- CP
- 5.21
- CNI
- 4.31
- UBER
- 2.77
- UPS
- 0.99
P/B Ratio (MRQ)
Norfolk Southern (NSC) trades at 4.62 on P/B ratio, in the higher book-value quartile. The market is paying a premium to book, so stronger ROE, cleaner assets, or a better growth profile need to justify it.
NSC
Transportation industry group
4.62
Group distribution
- Max
- 7.77
- NSC
- 4.62
- Q3
- 4.30
- Median
- 2.05
- Q1
- 1.25
- Min
- -2.66
Largest peers
- UNP
- 8.96
- CSX
- 6.61
- UBER
- 6.17
- UPS
- 5.90
- CNI
- 4.90
- NSC
- 4.62
- CP
- 2.43
Valuation Metrics
| Metric | Current stock: NSC | Industry group median |
|---|---|---|
| P/E Ratio (TTM) | 29.23 | 21.05 |
| P/S Ratio (TTM) | 5.99 | 1.26 |
| P/B Ratio (MRQ) | 4.62 | 2.05 |
| Free Cash Flow Yield (TTM) | 1.84% | 2.73% |